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Reviewed by MyPeptideMatch Editorial TeamLast reviewed February 2026Updated February 2026

LL-37 Dosing Protocol: 5 mg Vial — Wound Healing & Immune Modulation Guide

Human cathelicidin LL-37 dosing protocol for local wound healing and systemic immune modulation using the 5 mg compounded vial.

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Quickstart highlights

LL-37 (LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES) is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, cleaved from the hCAP-18 precursor by kallikrein 5/7 in epithelial cells.

  • Concentration: 1 mg/mL (5 mg vial + 5 mL bacteriostatic water).
  • At 1 mg/mL: 50 µg = 5 units, 100 µg = 10 units, 200 µg = 20 units per injection.
  • Inject subcutaneously near (not into) the wound or infected tissue for local healing effects.
  • LL-37 causes mild local redness and warmth — this is the expected therapeutic inflammatory response.
  • One 5 mg vial provides 50 doses at 100 µg — approximately 7 weeks at once-daily dosing.

Dosing table

For educational reference only. Your prescribing provider may adjust doses based on your clinical profile and response.

WeekDose (µg)UnitsFrequencyNotes
1-2505Every other day (local SC)50 µg — 5 units; test dose near wound or target site; assess local tolerance
3-810010Once daily (local SC)100 µg — 10 units; standard wound healing dose near tissue target
9-1220020Once daily200 µg — 20 units; higher dose for chronic wounds or antimicrobial indication

Reconstitution steps

  1. Draw 5 mL bacteriostatic water; inject slowly down the vial wall.
  2. Swirl gently until powder dissolves; do not shake — LL-37 is an amphipathic helix; agitation may disrupt structure.
  3. Final concentration: 1 mg/mL (1,000 µg/mL). At 1 mg/mL: 100 µg = 10 units.
  4. Label with date; refrigerate at 2–8 °C. Use within 28 days.

Supplies needed

8-week plan

  • 1 vial
  • 28 syringes
  • 5 mL bac water
  • 28 alcohol swabs
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Protocol overview & cycle notes

Promote wound healing and immune modulation through local subcutaneous LL-37 injections, leveraging its unique dual antimicrobial and EGFR-mediated re-epithelialization properties.

Cycle length: 8 weeks on.

Off-cycle: 4 weeks off after each 8-week cycle.

Storage & handling

Lyophilized: store below 25 °C. Reconstituted at 1 mg/mL: refrigerate 2–8 °C; use within 28 days. Handle gently — LL-37's amphipathic helix structure is sensitive to both mechanical and thermal disruption.

Injection & tracking tips

  • Inject subcutaneously near (within 1–2 cm of) the wound or infection site; LL-37 acts both locally and systemically via FPRL1/EGFR signaling.
  • Local injection may cause erythema (redness) and mild warmth — this is expected from LL-37's pro-inflammatory N-terminal receptor activation at the injection site.
  • Do not combine LL-37 with topical NSAIDs at the injection site; anti-inflammatory agents may blunt the beneficial local inflammatory phase needed for wound healing.

Tracking

Logging helps you and your provider spot patterns and adjust dose or timing.

  • Photograph wounds every 3 days; measure wound area (length × width) weekly.
  • Track local erythema and warmth as markers of therapeutic inflammatory response.
  • Monitor for systemic inflammatory symptoms (fever, malaise) at doses ≥200 µg — may indicate systemic FPRL1 activation.
Log your cycle in the calculator →

How this works & references

LL-37 (LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES) is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, cleaved from the hCAP-18 precursor by kallikrein 5/7 in epithelial cells. Its tissue repair mechanisms include: (1) EGFR transactivation (Y1068 phosphorylation) promoting keratinocyte migration and re-epithelialization; (2) VEGF upregulation driving wound angiogenesis; (3) formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) binding modulating innate immune chemotaxis. Peterson et al. (2010) demonstrated LL-37 at 100 µg accelerated diabetic wound healing in vivo.

Sources

Frequently asked questions

Is LL-37 primarily an antibiotic or a wound healer?
Both simultaneously. LL-37 disrupts bacterial membranes (MIC values of 1–4 µg/mL for gram-positive bacteria) while simultaneously activating EGFR on keratinocytes for re-epithelialization and VEGF upregulation for angiogenesis. The wound-healing function is at least as therapeutically significant as its antimicrobial activity in tissue repair protocols.
Can LL-37 cause local irritation?
Yes — mild erythema, warmth, and slight tenderness at the injection site are expected and represent appropriate local inflammatory signaling. Severe pain, significant swelling, or systemic fever would warrant discontinuation and medical evaluation.
Is LL-37 appropriate for chronic non-healing wounds?
LL-37 deficiency has been documented in chronic venous ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers. Topical or local subcutaneous LL-37 may restore the cathelicidin-mediated repair signaling absent in these wounds. Animal models (Peterson et al., 2010) demonstrate accelerated diabetic wound healing. No human RCTs are published.
Does LL-37 have cancer risk?
LL-37 has complex oncological effects — it promotes cancer cell migration in some solid tumors (lung, ovarian) through EGFR activation, while demonstrating cytotoxic effects in others. In the context of wound healing protocols, localized short-term use is unlikely to carry meaningful oncological risk. Avoid in individuals with known active malignancy or cancer history at the injection site.
Can LL-37 be combined with BPC-157 or KPV?
Yes — LL-37 (antimicrobial + EGFR-mediated re-epithelialization), BPC-157 (angiogenesis + FAK repair), and KPV (MC1R-mediated anti-inflammation) act through distinct, complementary wound-healing pathways. The combination provides broad-spectrum tissue repair support for complex or infected wounds.

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This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a licensed healthcare provider before starting any peptide therapy. Dosing and protocols may vary by formulation and prescriber.

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